What is Wheat Allergen

Wheat, a staple in many diets around the world, can be a source of joy for some but a cause for concern for others. For those who suffer from wheat allergies, understanding the intricacies of wheat allergen proteins becomes crucial. In this article, we delve into the world of wheat allergen proteins, exploring their composition, biological functions, and potential applications in biomedicine.

Wheat allergen proteins are specific components of wheat that can trigger an allergic response in susceptible individuals. These proteins belong to various molecular families, with the most prominent being gliadins and glutenins. Gliadins are soluble in alcohol, while glutenins are insoluble in alcohol but contribute to the elasticity of dough.

Wheat Allergen Proteins: Composition and Classification

Wheat allergen proteins exhibit diverse structural characteristics, complicating the identification and understanding of their allergenic properties. The primary structure of these proteins involves amino acid sequences that vary among individuals. Notably, the presence of certain epitopes in gliadins and glutenins is associated with allergic reactions.

Classifying wheat allergens is challenging due to the complexity of wheat protein composition. The International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) has categorized wheat allergens into different groups based on their source and molecular properties. This classification aids researchers and clinicians in better understanding and diagnosing wheat allergies.

Our Featured Wheat Allergens

Cat.No.	Product Name	Species	Source	Tag
ra-3471P	Recombinant Tri a 12	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3472P	Recombinant Tri a 14	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli	His
ra-3473P	Recombinant Tri a 15	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3474P	Recombinant Tri a 17	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3475P	Recombinant Tri a 18	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3476PEB	Recombinant Tri a 19, Biotinylated	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli	His
ra-3476PB	Recombinant Tri a 19, Biotin Labeled	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli	His
ra-3476P	Recombinant Tri a 19	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli	His
ra-3477P	Recombinant Tri a 20	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3478P	Recombinant Tri a 21	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3479P	Recombinant Tri a 25	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3480PB	Recombinant Tri a 26, Biotin Labeled	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli	His
ra-3480P	Recombinant Tri a 26	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli	His
ra-3481P	Recombinant Tri a 27	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3482P	Recombinant Tri a 28	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3483P	Recombinant Tri a 29	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3484P	Recombinant Tri a 30	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3485P	Recombinant Tri a 31	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3486P	Recombinant Tri a 32	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3487P	Recombinant Tri a 33	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3488P	Recombinant Tri a 34	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3489P	Recombinant Tri a 35	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3490P	Recombinant Tri a 36	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3491P	Recombinant Tri a 37	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3492P	Recombinant Tri a 39	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3493P	Recombinant Tri a 40	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3494P	Recombinant Tri a 41	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3495P	Recombinant Tri a 42	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3496P	Recombinant Tri a 43	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3497P	Recombinant Tri a 44	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3498P	Recombinant Tri a 45	Triticum aestivum (Wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His
ra-3499P	Recombinant Tri tu 14	Triticum turgidum ssp durum (Durum wheat)	E.coli or Yeast	His

Wheat Allergen Biological Functions and Allergic Responses

The biological functions of wheat allergen proteins extend beyond their role in food structure. In susceptible individuals, these proteins can elicit an allergic response, leading to various symptoms. The primary molecular mechanisms involve the immune system's recognition of specific epitopes on the allergens.

Wheat allergens are implicated in allergic reactions such as celiac disease, wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA), and baker's asthma. In celiac disease, the immune system reacts to gluten, a component of wheat allergen proteins, damaging the small intestine lining and causing malabsorption of nutrients.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms that cause wheat allergies involves unraveling the interaction between allergens and the immune system. T-cell responses play a significant role, with certain epitopes triggering an immune cascade that results in allergic symptoms. Additionally, the role of genetic predisposition in wheat allergies highlights the complex interplay between genetics and environmental factors.

Applications of Wheat Allergen Proteins in Biomedicine

Diagnostic Development: Accurate diagnosis of wheat allergies is crucial for effective management. Wheat allergen proteins are employed in the development of diagnostic tests, including skin prick tests and specific IgE antibody assays. These tests help identify individuals sensitized to wheat allergens, guiding clinicians in providing appropriate advice on dietary restrictions and allergen avoidance.
Vaccine Development: As researchers delve deeper into the molecular aspects of wheat allergens, the prospect of developing therapeutic vaccines for wheat allergies emerges. Immunotherapy, a treatment approach involving controlled exposure to allergens, aims to desensitize individuals and reduce allergic reactions. Wheat allergen proteins can potentially be used in vaccine formulations to induce immune tolerance, offering hope for long-term relief for those with wheat allergies.
Treatment Strategies: Beyond vaccines, researchers are exploring novel treatment strategies for wheat allergies. Biomedical interventions, such as the development of targeted drugs or immunomodulatory therapies, hold promise in alleviating allergic symptoms. Wheat allergen proteins are integral in understanding the immune response, guiding the development of targeted therapies that mitigate allergic reactions without compromising overall immune function.